Why we need more trees in towns and cities
Trees are an important part of our natural life support system:
they have a vital role to play in the sustainability of our towns and cities and we need to take better care of them, both now and in the future.
Until quite recently, the values we attached to trees and woods were very straightforward. In the countryside they produced timber and some habitat for wildlife, whilst in towns they were valued almost entirely for the way they looked.
Now there is a growing recognition that trees and woods can provide a whole range of multifunctional contributions to environmental, social and economic sustainability.
Trees and woods help to improve the quality of life for the millions of people who live and work in urban areas, and since ours is among the most urbanised societies in the world, the UK is a very good place to show how the urban forest can contribute to sustainable development.
Most people agree that trees are a good thing, and yet we see them starved of natural food and water, damaged at their roots by earthworks, felled for development, casually vandalised or insensitively pruned. Many of the most significant trees in our towns and cities were planted more than a century ago, so although this living legacy is wonderful, it is under serious pressure and in steep decline. With care, we can continue to enjoy it for a few years yet, but we also need an extensive programme of replacement planting to provide the trees and woodlands for the future that will match the vision of the past.
Trees and woodlands make a very positive contribution to sustainable urban living. What is more, investment in well-managed greenspace can deliver many different benefits at the same time. Trees in towns can improve public health whilst also moderating the local impact of climate change, boosting wildlife and reinforcing the distinctive character of a place. Here are just a few of the reasons why “Trees Matter!”. They can provide the following multi-functional benefits for people.
A more moderate climate
The shelter and shade from trees can save up to 10% of the energy needed to heat and cool nearby buildings. They also reduce the effects of air pollution and make outdoor spaces much more comfortable. The leaves and twigs slow down the rate at which rainwater hits the ground and this helps to reduce the likelihood of localised lash flooding. Trees absorb carbon
dioxide as they grow and the carbon that they store in their wood helps to reduce the rate of global warming.
Healthier Lives
By filtering polluted air, reducing chemical smog formation, shading our harmful solar radiation and providing an attractive. Calming setting for recreations, trees can have a positive effect on the incidence of asthma, skin cancer and many stress related illnesses.
A more successful local and regional economy
Trees help to create jobs and increase productivity and innovation. They encourage inward investment and can increase property values by up to 18%.
Improving difficult urban land
Tree roots help to bind the soil together and prevent erosion. Some trees can also clean up contaminated land.
Useful products
Even in towns, trees yield traditional products such as timber, fruit and horticultural mulch, whilst renewable non-fossil fuel, high-value chemicals and pharmaceuticals may be the wood products of the future.
Richer and more accessible wildlife
Trees play a vital role in the urban ecosystem, by helping to support a great variety of wildlife which people can enjoy close to home.
Enhanced landscape quality
Trees and woods can bring out the best in an area’s local character. They provide a sense of long-term stability and a living link between the past, the present and the future. Trees soften the landscape of hard-edged towns and cities, making them greener, more comfortable and more attractive.
More sustainable communities
The landscape is the place where people meet. When communities play an active part in caring for their local trees and woods, this helps to build more confidence and shared enjoyment.
This information has been extracted from the publication “Trees Matter!” produced by the National Urban Forestry Unit (NUFU). “Trees Matter!” provides a comprehensive review of the benefits, which can come from urban trees and woods. This is supported by reference to scientific research from around the world. Copies of the 18-page report can be obtained from bhamtreesforlife@gmail.com